How to avoid fraud and legal problems when buying a house

Buying a house is a remarkable moment — and, to be safe, it requires attention to every detail. Fraud, poorly drafted contracts or incomplete documentation can turn a dream into a headache. Fortunately, with some essential care, it is possible to protect yourself and ensure a smooth process.

1. Confirm who is selling

Before proceeding, check if the seller is really the owner or, in the case of companies, if it is registered and active. Also research the construction company's history when it comes to off-plan properties.

2. Review all documentation

Always ask for the Permanent Certificate, the Land Registry, the License of Use and, when applicable, the Housing Technical File. Any missing documents should be clarified before continuing.

3. Don't sign anything without legal support

The CPCV is the most sensitive document in the process. A lawyer or solicitor must validate deadlines, penalties, payment terms, and guarantees. Avoid vacant or unbalanced contracts.

4. Check the tax and legal situation

Confirm if the property has debts, liens, mortgages, or litigation. Everything must be clean and transparent before any payment.

5. Redouble the care in off-plan properties

Ensure that the contract includes dates, late fees, construction guarantees, and a detailed description of materials. Never rely solely on brochures or verbal promises.

6. Be wary of prices that are too low

If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is. Scams almost always start with "unmissable opportunities".

7. Write everything down

Save emails, messages, proposals, and changes. Informality is the greatest enemy of legal certainty.

8. Work with trusted professionals

An experienced consultant, a lawyer and a solicitor reduce risks and avoid costly mistakes. Buying a house is an emotional decision, but also a legal and financial one.